# Academic self efficacy and learning persistence among undergraduate students

A research example illustrating the service. The items were written for this example.

## Study purpose

Examine whether students who report greater academic self efficacy also report greater persistence in learning.

## Design and sample

A cross-sectional correlational questionnaire study. Each row represents one respondent measured once. The example contains 180 records from students in their first three years of undergraduate study. There is no group assignment or follow-up measurement.

## Research questions

- How are academic self efficacy and learning persistence scale scores associated?

## Hypotheses

- H1: Academic self efficacy is positively associated with learning persistence.

## Requested analyses

- Cronbach alpha reliability for each of the two scales
- Descriptive statistics for study year, items and composite scores
- A Pearson correlation between the scale scores after examining the scatterplot, linearity and influential observations
- Report the association and its uncertainty; use a two-sided test at 0.05 for this example

## Scale scoring

Each scale is the mean of its five items. Higher values indicate more of that construct. There are no reverse-scored items or missing values in this version. Do not combine all ten items into one scale.

## Limitations

The design describes an association between self-reports at one time. It cannot establish that self efficacy causes persistence. The questionnaire was written for the example and is not presented as a validated instrument.

## Supplied files

`../data.csv` · `questionnaire.docx` · `codebook.md` · `../codebook.json`